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博碩士論文 etd-0913112-102723 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0913112-102723
論文名稱
Title
人工濕地之水質淨化效益評估
Beneficial Assessment of Water Quality Purification for Constructed Wetland
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
134
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2012-07-18
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2012-09-13
關鍵字
Keywords
河流恢復、麟洛濕地、人工濕地、生態系統、泥沙
sediment, ecosystem, constructed wetland, stream restoration, Linlo Wetland
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
近年來,在行政院環境保護署之積極推動下,國內以生態工程進行河川水質淨化處理之設施案件與日增多,陸續在各地己建置完工並進行操作運轉的案例已超過100個以上,並以表面流式人工濕地為居多,讓各界對於河川水質自然淨化工法多持正面評價,尤其現階段在台灣地區污水下水道尚未全面普及化之下,有效改善河川汙染情形。
本研究應用人工濕地處理附近地區之二級畜牧放流水及農田非點源污染排水,進水量約為1,350 m3。進流水之有機污染物及營養物質需去除,平均水力負荷率、水力停留時間、水深度和濕地系統的總體積,分別為0.1 m/day,5.5 day,0.7 M,和7,800 m3。在這樣研究中,每季分別採集水體、底泥和植體,並持續兩年。結果顯示,人工濕地系統將可去除水體中大腸桿菌77%以上、生化需氧量為78%、總氮為88%和氨氮為96%。因此人工濕地能夠有效去除水中污染物,並改善水質狀況。生態調查結果顯示,本場址經過不到4年時間,觀察到本場址超過50種不同植物及45種不同動物。本場址除了改善河流水質和恢復自然生態系統,人工濕地更為大眾提供了生態池塘水和生態花園。該人工濕地在台灣已成為最成功的多功能人工濕地。
Abstract
A constructed wetland was built in southern Taiwan in 2007 for local stream water purification and ecosystem improvement. The inflow rate was approximately 1,350 m3/day. The wetland influents were mainly from the local streams containing secondary wastewater from hog farms located in the upper catchment of the wetland and drainage water from the farmlands. The influent water contained organic contaminants and nutrients, which needed to be removed. The mean measured hydraulic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, water depth, and total volume of wetland system were 0.1 m/day, 5.5 days, 0.7 m, and 7,800 m3, respectively. In this study, water, sediment, and plant samples were collected and analyzed quarterly for each wetland basin during the two-year investigation period. Results show that more than 77% of total coliforms (TC), 78% of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), 88% of total nitrogen (TN), and 96% of ammonia nitrogen were removed via the constructed wetland system. Thus, the wetland system has a significant effect on water quality improvement and is able to remove most of the pollutants from the local stream through natural attenuation mechanisms. Results from the ecological investigation show that more than 50 different plant species and 45 different animal species were observed in the wetland system although this wetland had been created for less than four years. Except for stream water quality improvement and rehabilitating the natural ecosystem, this wetland also offered more water assessable eco-ponds and eco-gardens for public. This constructed wetland has become one of the most successful multi-function constructed wetlands in Taiwan.
目次 Table of Contents
誌謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第一章、前言 1
1.1 研究源起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究場址 3
1.3.1 麟洛濕地設計 4
1.3.2水文概況 10
第二章、文獻回顧 12
2.1 人工濕地 12
2.1.1濕地概述 12
2.1.2 人工濕地背景 17
2.1.3 人工濕地的類型 17
2.1.4 人工濕地系統介紹 19
2.1.5 水質淨化機制 23
2.1.6 人工濕地應用 28
2.2 人工濕地之底泥 31
2.2.1 底泥定義 31
2.2.2 底泥之污染 32
2.3 人工濕地之生態 33
2.3.1 生態之價值 33
2.3.2 生態之復育 34
2.3.3 濕地之生態體系 36
第三章、研究內容與方法 37
3.1 濕地環境調查與監測 37
3.1.1 水文與水質 37
3.1.2地面水水文量測 38
3.1.3 地下水水質監測 40
3.1.4 底泥重金屬調查與分析 42
3.2 濕地效益評估 45
3.2.1 水質效應評估 45
3.2.2 生態調查 46
3.2.3 生態環境評估 48
第四章、結果與討論 51
4.1 濕地環境調查與監測結果 51
4.1.1 水文量測結果 51
4.1.2 水質分析結果 58
4.1.3 重金屬分析 77
4.2 濕地整體效益評估 80
4.2.1 濕地水質淨化效益評估 80
4.3 生態調查與評估 89
4.3.1生態現況調查結果 89
4.3.2 生態環境評估 92
4.1.3 多樣性及均勻度 92
第五章、結果與建議 94
5.1 結論 94
5.2 建議 96
參考文獻 97
附錄一、符(代)號說明 i
附錄二、原始資料 iii
附錄三、個人簡歷 ix
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