台灣終年受季風吹襲，夏季時侵襲台灣的颱風多在菲律賓群島與關島之間形成，其路徑多由台灣東南往西北移動，且冬季時東北地區為東北季風迎鋒面，若能在東北外海設置氣象測站提前進行觀測，可增進陸上氣象預報的準確性，以避免錯誤的防災決策。然而目前的氣象觀測站絕大多數均設置於陸地上，為解決觀測站設置地點之限制，本文利用MACHO計畫(MArine Cable Hosted Observatory) 佈放於頭城外海的水下麥克風，所錄製之海洋環境噪音，並配合蘇澳氣象站之風速資料進行外海風速的反算，以取得外海風速資訊，可協助更精確的陸上風速預估。資料分析的過程中先挑選出長時間穩定的風速事件，將風速事件時間對比同步的聲音訊號並分析變動相關性，以決定風速反算之主要頻率。最後再將風速與風浪噪音資料進行迴歸分析，建立由風浪噪音來計算風速的風速反算公式，並檢視其反算成果。本研究藉由以上方法，突破氣象觀測站設置地點之限制，達到利用聲學方式取得外海風速之目的。

The weather in Taiwan is influenced by annual monsoon. In summer, typhoons, which develop between Philippines and Guan, come from southeastern Taiwan to northwestward and often cause massive damages. In winter, the northeastern monsoon causes heavy rain fall around the northeastern region of Taiwan. Therefore, to improve the precision on land, the weather station off the northeastern can be crucial. The MACHO (MArine Cable Hosted Observatory) project was conducted off the coast of Toucheng to resolve the limited observation on land, and a hydrophone was deployed to record the ambient noise, which can be used to invert the wind speed and compared with data from Su-ao weather station. The long duration stable wind event was used to compare with the acoustic signals recorded by the hydrophone for correlation, by which characteristic frequency for inversion can be decide. The regression analysis of wind speed and ambient noise help to establish the wind speed inversion formula, which was verified by the in-situ data. The method proposed in this study has achieved the goal of estimating wind speed off the coast by acoustic data, and expands the capability of weather observation.

論文審定書.................................................................................................................i
摘要...........................................................................................................................ii
英文摘要....................................................................................................................iii
目錄...........................................................................................................................iv
表目錄........................................................................................................................vii
圖目錄.......................................................................................................................viii
第一章 緒論...............................................................................................................1
1.1 海洋環境噪音.......................................................................................................1
1.2 風與環境噪音.......................................................................................................3
1.3 風速之噪音反算....................................................................................................8
1.4 研究目的..............................................................................................................9
第二章 實驗資料........................................................................................................10
2.1 MACHO計畫........................................................................................................11
2.2 聲學儀器.............................................................................................................13
2.3風速資料.................................................................…………….............................14
第三章 相關理論與方法............................................................……………..................17
3.1 訊號前處裡. …………………............…………………...…………...............................17
3.1.1 穩定風速事件……………............…………………….…….............. ........................17
3.1.2 取樣定理....................................................……………………………...................19
3.1.3 快速傅立葉轉換............................................................................................... .20
3.2 統計分析............................................................................................................ .21
3.2.1 相關係數...........................................................................................................21
3.2.2 迴歸分析...........................................................................................................23
3.3 訊號分析流程.......................................................................................................25
第四章 分析與討論.....................................................................................................26
4.1風速與聲音資料分析..............................................................................................26
4.1.1 風速分析..........................................................................................................26
4.1.2 風速與噪音位準相關性......................................................................................31
4.1.3 風浪噪音位準…................................................................................................32
4.2 風速反算方程式…........................................................................................ .......34
4.3 風速反算分析…...................................................................................................37
4.3.1 反算誤差分析…................................................................................................37
4.3.2 風向差異….......................................................................................................43
第五章 結論與建議.....................................................................................................47
5.1 結論....................................................................................................................47
5.2 建議....................................................................................................................49
參考文獻....................................................................................... ...........................50
附錄 蘇澳與龜山島之風速比較............................ ........ ................... ...........................52

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