本研究對葡萄牙牡蠣Crassostrea angulata、文蛤Meretrix lusoria、綠殼菜蛤Perna viridis在緊迫因子的影響下，結晶桿形質變化進行探討。第一部分為一般環境下貝類結晶桿的形質變化研究，結果顯示不同月別葡萄牙牡蠣結晶桿存在百分比為0%-73%，各月間差異極大。文蛤與綠殼菜蛤各月之結晶桿存在百分比皆為100%。第二部分為逆境對貝類結晶桿的形質變化影響實驗，逆境處理對貝類結晶桿存在百分比有影響，葡萄牙牡蠣於飢餓、缺氧、乾燥三種處理1小時後，其結晶桿幾乎不存在；文蛤經過72小時飢餓與缺氧，結晶桿存在百分比顯著降低，2小時乾燥使文蛤結晶桿存在百分比銳減為22%；綠殼菜蛤經過72小時的饑餓與缺氧，結晶桿依舊百分之百存在，72小時乾燥之樣本則全數死亡。以標準化結晶桿濕重 (結晶桿濕重/ 殼長)來看，乾燥對三種貝類的影響比飢餓與缺氧嚴重。葡萄牙牡蠣間斷餵食之結果顯示餵食與否對牡蠣結晶桿存在百分比有影響。本研究結果顯示緊迫因子對葡萄牙牡蠣結晶桿形質影響最大。

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of stress on crystalline style characteristics in bivalves of Crassostrea angulata, Meretrix lusoria, and Perna viridis. Firstly, the crystalline style morphological characteristics in normal submerged condition was examined. The presence percentage of crystalline styles in C. angulata collected from different months ranged from 0 to 73%. While, it was 100% in M. lusoria and P. viridis. Secondly, the crystalline style morphological characteristics were investigated under stresses of starvation, hypoxia and desiccation. In C. angulata, the crystalline styles were absent after treated with each of the unfavorable conditions for 1 hour. In M. lusoria, under starvation and hypoxia conditions for 72 hours, the presence percentage of crystalline styles was significantly decreased. Even more, the presence percentages of crystalline styles in M. lusoria reduced to 22% when treated with desiccation for 2 hours. In P. viridis, the presence percentage of crystalline styles was 100% under starvation and hypoxia for 72 hours. In contrast, the mussels were totally dead under desiccation for 72 hours. By comparison, desiccation had greater influence on the three bivalves than starvation and hypoxia based on the standardized crystalline style wet weight (crystalline style wet weight/ shell length). Additionally, the presence percentage of crystalline styles in C. angulata was also influence by fed. In all, among the three examined species, oyster C. angulata is the most sensitive one to unfavorable conditions.

謝辭............................................................................................................................... I
中文摘要....................................................................................................................... II
英文摘要...................................................................................................................... III
表目錄.......................................................................................................................... VI
圖目錄........................................................................................................................ VII
一、前言........................................................................................................................ 1
二、實驗材料及方法.................................................................................................... 4
野外樣本採集及處理 ............................................................................................ 4 I. 一般環境下葡萄牙牡蠣、黑齒牡蠣、文蛤及綠殼菜蛤結晶桿的形質變化影響實驗 ....................................................................................................................... 4
Ⅰ-1. 貝類離水之結晶桿形態觀察 ...................................................................... 4
Ⅰ-2. 結晶桿形質之時空變化 .............................................................................. 5
Ⅰ-3. 貝類形質與結晶桿形質之相關性分析 ...................................................... 5
II. 逆境對貝類結晶桿形質之影響實驗 ................................................................. 5
Ⅱ-1. 飢餓、缺氧、乾燥對葡萄牙牡蠣、文蛤及綠殼菜蛤結晶桿的形質變化 ............................................................................................................................... 5
Ⅱ-2. 間斷餵食對葡萄牙牡蠣結晶桿的形質變化影響實驗 .............................. 6
三、結果........................................................................................................................ 7 I. 一般環境下葡萄牙牡蠣、黑齒牡蠣、文蛤及綠殼菜蛤結晶桿的形質變化影響實驗 ....................................................................................................................... 7
Ⅰ-1. 貝類離水之結晶桿形態觀察 ...................................................................... 7
Ⅰ-2. 結晶桿形質之時空變化 .............................................................................. 7
Ⅰ-3. 貝類形質與結晶桿形質之相關性分析 ...................................................... 8
II. 逆境對貝類結晶桿形質之影響實驗 ................................................................. 8
Ⅱ-1. 飢餓、缺氧、乾燥對葡萄牙牡蠣、文蛤及綠殼菜蛤結晶桿的形質變化 ............................................................................................................................... 8
Ⅱ-2. 間斷餵食對葡萄牙牡蠣結晶桿的形質變化影響 .................................... 10
四、討論...................................................................................................................... 11
五、參考文獻.............................................................................................................. 14
表 ................................................................................................................................. 17
圖 ................................................................................................................................. 31

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