高科技產業自詡為低污染甚至無污染的工業，但持續出現的環境衝突事件及污染問題，說明科學工業園區整體性仍存在著相當程度的環境污染問題，及個別廠商的生態思維(Chertow & Esty, 1997)與其環保政策執行上環境認知、行為意向、生產行為的落差。研究背景乃在於說明產業面如何從全球永續發展潮流與國際環保規範的持續驅動下，以產業生態學的角度，透過建構科學園區廠商驅動生態化發展之行為模式，驗證廠商生態化發展行為之內外在驅動面、內在認知、外在驅動群體間與反應行為意向之關係暨影響程度。
研究模式的建構以計畫行為理論(Theory of Planned Behavior)(Ajzen ,1985)為理論架構，包括內在驅動態度、外在驅動規範、行為知覺控制、生態化發展行為意向結構等信念結構，應用結構方程模式(Structural Equations Modeling)對所假設信念結構關係進行修正與分析，以驗證假設模式與實際資料的配適情形，並將研究結果與典範理論基礎進行對照，進而歸納研究發現。
研究對象以南部科學工業園區與中部科學工業園區廠商為問卷實證範圍，問卷調查對象為廠商之一級主管及環境管理相關部門主管為主，有效問卷為154份，回收率63.9%。研究結果發現，在驗證後各項配適度指標皆達到可接受水準以上，三種行為層面模式的整體配適度皆達模式合理接受的程度，表示本研究所建構之「科學園區廠商驅動生態化發展行為模式」對科學園區廠商未來執行生態化發展行為意向能給予適切的解釋，使模式能有效預測並解釋廠商行為。其中，廠商「管理面」行為層面之產業生態化發展較呈現「產業生態共生」的思維，即目前呈現較屬於自發性的驅動，而於「生產面」行為層面則呈現源自於外在壓力的驅動。在「內在驅動態度(IAT)」、「外在驅動規範(ESN)」、「行為知覺控制(PBC)」三種信念結構的解構影響力方面，即分別以「環境共生利益SB」、「管制規範群體RG」、「自我能力(SE)」為最高。不同外在變項與廠商生態化行為意向(EBI)、內在驅動態度(IAT)、外在驅動規範(ESN)、知覺行為控制(PBC)之關係具有顯著差異。在外在變項之變異數分析(ANOVA)檢定結果方面，廠商對於生態化發展議題的執行情形，明顯影響其生態化發展行為各信念結構之認知。廠商背景資料方面，則並非造成各信念結構差異的主要變項。最後本研究提出未來欲提高廠商執行生態化發展行為意向，及加強廠商形塑產業生態思維之自發性驅動力的策略建議。

High Technology Industries have always bragged and boasted of their less-pollution or even non-pollution, while constantly environmental conflict as well as pollution illustrates that environmental pollution problems relatively exist in the wholeness of Science Park. Besides, there is still wide gap between individual factory owner’s ecological thinking and enforceable policy. The research background retraces that industries are obviously under the global drives for sustainable development and friendly environment. Based on Industrial Ecology, the study constructs eco-behavior for the Science Park, and then verifies the relationship and effect among factories’ inner cognition, external driving group and affective intention.
Constructed on the Theory of Planned Behavior, the study model includes inner attitude toward the behavior, external subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and eco-behavioral intention. The relationship among the above hypotheses are modified and analyzed by applying the Structural Equations Modeling, the real information are compared with hypotheses, the results are contrasted with modeled theory, and furthermore concluded as the followings.
The survey objects are factories in Southern and Central Taiwan Science Park, the questionnaires targets are mainly their first level managers and environmental department supervisors. The total effective surveys are 154, with retrieved rate of 63.9%. Various targets are tested and proved they are all way beyond the acceptable standard. The above three behavior models are all legitimately reached. Both represent that the TPB in the study offers future factories’ eco-behavior a sensible interpretation for prediction and rationalization. The factories’ management behavior for eco-industrial development tends to industrial symbiosis; that is, the current drive is voluntary, while their productive behavior comes from external driving pressure. Finally, the study indicates invigorating way to eco-industrial intention and proposes enhancing voluntary drive to eco-industrial thinking.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與目的 1
一、全球永續發展潮流與國際環保規範的持續驅動 1
二、產業生態學 (Industrial Ecology，IE)的實踐 2
三、驅動與行為的研究：產業生態化發展行為模式 4
第二節 研究內容與方法 8
一、永續發展與產業生態學相關理論回顧 8
二、研究理論建構 9
三、科學園區廠商驅動生態化發展行為意向模式之建立 9
四、模式實證與政策建議 10
第二章 文獻探討 13
第一節 驅動的願景：永續發展 13
一、資源利用永續發展 13
二、永續發展之驅動力、狀態、回應 19
第二節 產業面的回應：產業生態學 26
一、產業生態學 26
二、產業生態化共生網絡 34
三、產業生態學的實踐：生態工業園區(eco-industrial park, EIP) 43
第三節 廠商執行生態化的行為驅動力 48
一、生態工業園區的擴張－產業共生生態化夥伴的形成 48
二、廠商執行生態化發展與企業永續發展 51
三、產業生態化發展行為之驅動力形成 55
四、產業生態化發展驅動群體 59
五、相關行為決策理論 63
第三章 研究方法與設計 71
第一節 實證研究模式與架構之建立 71
一、驅動生態化發展行為模式建立 71
二、各變數的操作型定義 78
第二節 研究假說 80
第三節 研究問卷設計 81
一、研究對象 81
二、問卷架構 81
三、變項的路徑關係 83
四、計分方式與意義 84
五、問卷操作與預試 85
第四節 資料分析方法 87
一、描述性統計分析 87
二、信度分析 87
三、變異數分析 87
四、多元迴歸分析 87
五、結構方程模式分析 87
第四章 科學園區廠商生態化發展與行為 97
第一節 科學園區廠商生態化發展特性 97
一、中部、南部科學園區產業分類與生態化發展重點 97
二、高科技產業生態化發展問題之探討 102
三、驅動產業生態化發展之現有機制 105
第二節 產業生態化發展 109
一、永續發展與產業生態化發展行為 109
二、廠商執行生態化發展行為 110
第五章 科學園區廠商生態化發展行為實證分析 115
第一節 問卷回收與樣本資料特徵統計分析 115
一、廠商統計變項 115
二、生態化發展相關議題調查 116
第二節 研究模式之敘述統計及信度分析 118
一、內在驅動態度(IAT)模式 118
二、外在驅動規範(ESN)模式 119
三、行為知覺控制(PBC)模式 120
四、生態化行為意向(EBI)與行為模式(EB) 121
第三節 外在變項對廠商驅動生態化行為之變異數分析 123
一、外在變項與內在驅動態度(IAT) 123
二、外在變項與外在驅動規範(ESN) 124
三、外在變項與行為知覺控制(PBC) 125
四、外在變項與行為意向(EBI) 127
五、小結 128
第四節 廠商驅動生態化行為模式變數之迴歸分析 130
一、信念模式之多元迴歸分析 130
二、生態化行為意向模式之多元迴歸分析 133
三、生態化行為模式之多元迴歸分析 134
第五節 廠商驅動生態化行為模式之結構方程模式驗證 137
一、各信念結構解構之確認性因素分析 137
二、整體行為模式結構的路徑修正與配適度分析 141
三、修正後整合模式之路徑分析 151
第六節 廠商生產化發展共生驅動力與行為模式之實證推論 166
一、科學園區廠商存在「產業生態共生」的思維 166
二、「生產面」、「管理面」行為層面存在差異 167
第六章 結論與建議 169
第一節 廠商驅動生態化發展行為模式之實證結論 169
一、實證資料分析平均數所呈現的結論與討論 169
二、實證研究假說成立與否 170
第二節 研究限制與後續研究建議 174
參考文獻 175
附錄一：廠商問卷 185
附錄二：廠商名冊 191

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