台灣過去十幾年來經濟起飛雖然造就了人民物質的富足，但在追求成長的同時，卻由於忽略污染的後果，使得自然環境遭受嚴重破壞，因此環保問題一直是最近熱門的討論話題。企業在追求高穩定的經濟成長時，為達永續經營的目的，勢必要特別注重環境保護的問題，因此如何在經濟發展的同時兼顧生活品質，正是我們所努力的目標；而政府所制定的環境管制政策也正是此目標的實行方式之一。但由於環境管制政策是否會導致廠商的生產力下降，進而使廠商不願意去創新污染防治技術，經濟學家的看法始終不一，一派認為廠商若較早進行污染防治工作會讓廠商享有優先進行者優勢，因此生產力與競爭力下降只是短期現象，對廠商長期而言是有利的；而另一派則認為當政府制定環境管制政策時，對於廠商在其製程與行銷策略上可能造成一些負面影響，包括廠商本身生產力下降與在國際上競爭力低落。但以上大多是屬於實証性方面的研究，因此本文擬建立一個理論模型去分析在既定環境管制政策下，廠商是否應該去創新防治污染技術，進而分析其決策行為。

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第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究方法與流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
第一節 環境發展與生產力之實証理論基礎 4
第二節 不同市場結構下環境管制的結果 7
第三節 環境管制、技術創新對於污染廠商的影響 14
第三章 理論模型的推導 20
第一節 模型假設與變數衡量 20
完全競爭市場下的廠商決策行為 21
第二節 獨占市場下的廠商決策行為 24
第三節 寡占市場下的廠商決策行為 27
一、 Cournot model 27
二、 Stackelberg model 30
第四章 結論與建議 37
第一節 結論 37
第二節 建議 39
參考文獻 40
表 次
表2.1：提高污染稅對廠商的影響 11
表2.2：在環境管制下，寡占廠商決策行為的交互影響 13
表2.3：環境管制與廠商生產力相關文獻及其貢獻 15

中文文獻
(1)王光賢(1998)「環境管制與生產力－台灣地區上市廠商之實證研究」,中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文。
(2)黃宗煌(1991)「直接管制與污染稅在不同市場結構下之經濟分析」,經濟論文,19(2),p135~181。
(3)黃宗煌、呂雅玲(1991)「排放管制與污染稅在Stackelberg 模型下的效果」,經濟論文,19(1),p69~92。
(4)黃宗煌(1992)「污染稅率之訂定及其問題」,經社法治論叢第十期。
(5)楊雅博(1995)「環保政策、市場結構與社會福利」,台灣大學經濟學研究所博士論文。
(6)蔡佳慧(1987)「污染稅與直接管制之比較-廠商角度之分析」,中興大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。

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