在最近幾年來，微帶天線由於它具有體積小、重量輕、成本低而且容易製造等優點，因而使其非常適合應用於無線通訊系統中，從早期被使用在火箭、太空梭等飛行器的導航設備到現在的個人行動通訊設備上，它都扮演著非常重要的角色。 不過，在天線設計中存有很多變數會對其效能造成影響，因此要如何快速找到一個最佳化的天線就變成是一件高難度的工作了。早期從事有關天線設計的研究者，在天線設計中對於這些變數的選擇並未使用任何最佳化的工具，他們最常使用的方法是相當耗時的錯誤嘗試法 (Trial and Error)，其目的只是為了設法找出一組好的解，用來驗證其所提天線架構之可行性。 近幾年來，雖然基因演算法應用在寬頻微帶天線的設計的效果已被證實，但是這效果的高低還是得取決於基因演算法的技巧。在本論文中，我們先提出了一個具有參數微調功能的基因演算方法來加強在設計微帶天線時的效能。我們將此一具有參數微調能力的基因演算方法與傳統基因演算法比較後證實在最佳化的速度上可以獲得很大的改善，藉由這個方法我們可以得到比單一金屬片大3.84倍的頻寬。接下來，我們進行的另一項工作是有關於 UWB天線的設計。在這裡，我們提出了一個新的設計概念,運用遺傳演算法的強大的搜尋能力，可以快速的找到一個可用解之區間，而非以往僅著重於單一解的搜尋，如此一來可使天線的製造過程，具有更好的便利性與實用性。最後我們也針對在UWB系統中，最常遭遇到不同通訊系統之間訊號干擾的問題，提出一個新的解決辦法，就是從天線端下手先一步抑制這些頻帶，設計一個具有帶拒頻帶 (Band-notched) 的天線。因為從天線端著手，有容易整合以及降低整體製作成本的優點。

In recent years, microstrip antennas are suitable for applications in wireless communication systems because they have the characteristics of compact size, light weight, low cost and easy to manufacture. So, they play an important role in the navigation equipment of the rocket, space shutter, personal communication, etc. However, in the design and synthesis of antennas, there are a large number of design variables that affect the antenna performance. In early stages, some researchers did not use any optimization tool in parameter tuning of antennas design. The one utilized most is the “trial and error” method, which is very time-consuming in order to find a suitable solution to verify the possibilities of the antenna structure. Genetic algorithms have been shown to be effective in the design of broadband microstrip antenna. However, their effectiveness with various degrees depends on the skills of the different genetic algorithms. In this dissertation, we propose a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based refined method to enhance the effectiveness and to solve the gap-coupled microstrip antenna design problem (largest impedance bandwidth). The refined method with optimization process improves the computing performance comparing with the conventional genetic algorithm. By the refined GA method, bandwidth can be widened up to 3.84 times that of a single excited patch. Furthermore, we present a new design for Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna. In the new research topic, it is expected that the genetic algorithm can find out a range of feasible (range-based) solutions instead of a few of solutions. As a result, the manufacturing process will have more convenience and practicability. Finally, we propose a new method to overcome the problem of signal interference with the UWB system operations. A band notched characteristic is achieved for the antenna to restrain the interference bandwidth. The disclosed antenna and the circuitry for the antenna system are easily integrated. With the simple structure, the fabrication cost for the antenna is also reduced.

中文摘要 I-1
Abstract II-1
Acknowledgements III-1
Table of Contents IV-1
List of Figures V-1
Chapter 1. Introduction 1-1
1.1 Motivation 1-1
1.2 Overview of the Evolution for Microstrip Antennas 1-4
1.3 Organization of the Dissertations 1-9
Chapter 2. Genetic Algorithm and Literature Reviews 2-1
2.1 Background Materials 2-1
2.2 Hybrid Genetic Algorithms 2-8
2.3 Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) 2-11
Chapter 3. Parameter Tuning of Microstrip Antenna using GA with the Refined Process 3-1
3.1 Antenna Theory 3-1
3.2 Proposed Antenna Configuration 3-2
3.3 The Genetic Algorithm with Refined Process 3-7
3.4 Real-coded Encoding Scheme and Objective Function 3-9
3.5 Refined Process 3-13
3.6 Simulation 3-16
Chapter 4. Design of Indent-Disk Monopole Antenna 4-1
4.1 The Indent-Disk Monopole Antenna Configuration 4-2
4.2 Objective Function 4-5
4.3 Simulation 4-10
Chapter 5. Design of Band-notched Ultra-wideband Slot 5-1
5.1 Band-notched Concepts 5-1
5.2 Antenna Structure and Design 5-4
5.3 Simulation 5-6
Chapter 6. Conclusions 6-1
6.1 Main Contributions 6-1
6.2 Future Research Topics 6-3
References VI-1

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