本論文探討光如何調控大型綠藻裂片石蓴 (Ulva fasciata Delile ) MSR基因表現。由裂片石蓴methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA)由銅逆境獲得，UfMSRB由高鹽逆境獲得。與阿拉伯芥 (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtMSR4與UfMSRA較相似，UfMSRB則與AtMSRB1較相似。Methionine (Met) 氧化後會產生methionine sulfoxide S-enantiomer (MetSO S-enantiomer) 及 methionine sulfoxide R-enantiomer (MetSO R-enantiomer)，植物以MSRA負責還原MetSO S-enantiomer為Met，MSRB負責還原MetSO R-enantiomer 為Met。與黑暗比較，UfMSRA及UfMSRB基因表現受白光、藍光及紅光之誘導，並在1小時達最高點後下降，兩個基因之表現量與白光光照強度呈正相關。在光照 300 uE.m^(-2).s^(-1)
下，外加光合作用非循環電子傳遞鏈抑制劑 (hydroxylamine、3-(3,4–dichloroph
-enyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU)、2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-pbenzoquinone
(DBMIB) 及stigmatellin)，發現DBMIB 及stigmatellin 促進光照下
之UfMSRA 基因表現而 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP, PSI electron donor)
會降低DBMIB 及stigmatellin 促進之基因表現推測光照誘導UfMSRA 基因表現
與細胞色素b6f (cytochrome b6f) 後之電子傳遞鏈受阻為相對氧化態有關。光照
誘導UfMSRB 基因受hydroxylamine、DCMU、DBMIB 抑制而卻受stigmatellin
促進，DCPIP 不影響抑制劑對UfMSRB 基因表現，所以推測UfMSRB 基因表現
與細胞色素b6f 之Qo site 為相對還原態有關。抑制光合作用循環電子傳遞鏈之
細胞色素b 抑制劑antimycin A 抑制光照下之UfMSRA 及UfMSRB 基因表現，
證明循環電子傳遞鏈也參與調控基因表現。本研究結果證實光合作用電子傳遞鏈
不同位置氧化還原狀態 (redox state) 參與UfMSRA 及UfMSRB 基因表現調控。

This study has investigated the involvement of photosynthetic electron transport chain on the regulation of gene expression of methionine sulfoxide reductase (UfMSR) in the marine macroalga Ulva fasciata Delile.UfMSRA is from copper stress and UfMSRB ir from hypersalinity stress. UfMSRA is similar to Arabidopsis AtMSRA4 and UfMSRB is similar to AtMSRB1. UfMSRA is specific to the MetSO S-enantiomer and UfMSRB catalytically reduces the MetSO R-enantiomer. Both enzymes are required, since in the cell oxidation of Met residues at the sulfur atom results in a racemic mixture of the two stereoisomers. UfMSRA and UfMSRB transcripts were increased by white light, blue light and red light with the maximum at 1 h following a decline, but kept constant in the dark. The magnitude of UfMSRA and UfMSRB transcript increase showed a positive linear correlation to increasing light intensity from 0-1200 u mole·m-2·s-1. The treatment with linear electron transport
chain inhibitors, hydroxylamine, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU),
2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB) and stigmatellin,
effectively inhibited PS II activity under 300 u mole·m-2·s-1 irradiance. DBMIB and
stigmatellin can increase UfMSRA transcript that was reversed by
2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP), a PS I electron donor. It indicates that the
block of electron transport of the downstream of cytochrome b6f indeuces UfMSRA
gene expression. Hydroxylamine, DCMU and DBMIB decreased UfMSRB transcript
that was not reversed by DCPIP while stigmatellin increased UfMSRB mRNA level,
reflecting a role of reduced state with Qo site located at cytochrome b6f on the
induction of UfMSRB gene expression. The cyclic electron transport chain inhibitors,
antimycin A that inhibited photosynthetic electron transport, can inhibit the increase
of UfMSRA and UfMSRB transcripts by irradiance. UfMSRA and UfMSRB gene
expression were both modulated by cyclic electron transport chain and linear electron
transport chain. These results reveal that photosynthetic electron transport chain
modulates UfMSRA and UfMSRB gene expression by change its redox state.

謝辭-----------------i
中文摘要----------ii
英文摘要-----------iii
目錄-----------------v
圖目錄---------------vi
表目錄---------------x
附錄目錄------------xii
縮寫字對照----------xiii
一、前言-------------1
二、實驗進行之策略15
三、實驗流程圖-------16
四、材料與方法--------17
五、結果-----------------31
六、討論-----------------101
七、參考文獻-----------108
八、附錄------------------114

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