現今水下聲學之應用十分廣泛，包括底質探勘、水下定位、海底地形測量與魚類豐度評估等。隨著研究目標與研究區的不同，實驗所採用的聲學儀器也各有差異，主要系統包含：單音束回聲測深儀、雙音束回聲測深儀、側掃聲納與多音束回聲測深儀等。
回顧人工魚礁投放歷程，漁業署在1972-1991年間大量投放人工魚礁，而為了規劃及管理台灣漁業資源，政府於1987年發表「漁業發展方案(1990-2000)」，並於2000年公布「漁業多元化經營建設計畫(2001-2016)」，用以改善漁場環境並進行漁業資源復育。本論文研究區位於高雄市永安區外海，為漁業署以堆疊方式投放的傳統型水泥礁及改良型水泥礁，以期保育該區漁業資源。
傳統漁業聲學研究常利用科學魚探機收集水層訊號，並常以網具來捕獲目標源魚種，然後即可藉由聲學閾值辨識魚種或進行豐度評估等。不同於傳統漁業聲學調查方式，本論文採用多音束回聲測深儀，該儀器原本用於海底地形測繪作業，但近年來新型的多音束回聲測深儀系統已經可以收集水層資料，因此具有魚群探測的功能。
本論文透過Reson SeaBat 7125所提供的「高解析度水層影像」作為研究材料，經文獻回顧可知，高強度回波訊號的來源常為海床、魚礁或魚體魚鰾。但是在資料收集過程當中，多音束儀器皆會記錄環境所回饋的雜訊，因此每條水層測段資料均需濾除雜訊後才能萃取其魚訊。
在本論文中，透過下列兩種資料處理方式進行魚訊的萃取：(1)採用Fledermaus FMMidwater軟體初步辨識回聲訊號類型，並藉由人為框選方式篩選測段魚訊，(2)利用Echoview軟體的魚跡偵測程序萃取水層魚訊，再藉由魚跡篩選以及正確性辨識等方法，設法從高值訊號回聲圖像當中取得有效的目標物訊號。在取得有效的目標物訊號後，再藉由ArcGIS軟體展示水層魚訊的空間分布狀態。
由於兩個年度(2014-2015)水層訊號所含的背景雜訊量不盡相同，因此必須設定不同的偵測參數數值。在資料處理過程中，透過標準化作業程序(濾除背景雜訊俾凸顯影像當中的目標物訊號)，又本論文著重於探討多音束水層資料之使用(魚訊偵測及視覺化展示)，並不涉及魚礁區資源現存量之估計
本論文研究區位於高雄市永安區外海，研究焦點為四個魚礁區(茄萣二、三、四人工魚礁區及永安人工魚礁區)，資料收集時期橫跨兩個年度及三個天次，透過標準化作業流程處理資料取得各測段之魚隻數量，經資料整併後，再利用SPSS軟體進行數值統計及分析探討水層魚訊的變化，獲得下述三點結論：(1)黃昏及午夜時段所測得的魚訊高於黎明及中午時段，推測魚群有比較高的機率於兩個時段活動。(2)根據各航次魚隻尾數數量統計表顯示，本研究在茄萣三魚礁區可以測得最多的魚隻數量，推估其原因可能是本魚礁區所囊括的範圍最為廣泛，再加上營養鹽的濃度較高，使該區域的基礎生產力高於另外三個人工魚礁區。(3)又本研究測得之魚訊大多位於較深的水域環境(70%實測水深)，該水深分布結果顯示，魚群與魚礁區相對距離極為接近(10-15%之實測水深)，因此推估魚群的活動範圍幾乎圍繞於魚礁區周遭環境，意即人工魚礁的設置的確可以提供覓食、棲息及魚群保護等功能。

Nowadays, under water acoustic research applications have been developed widely such as seabed mining, positioning, seafloor geodesy, and stock estimation. According to the research purposes, researchers need to select a suitable acoustic device, such as a single beam echo sounder, a dual beam echo sounder, a side scan sonar, a multi beam echo sounder.
For the purpose of protecting, preserving and restoring the marine resources, the Fisheries Agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan have deployed the artificial reefs around Taiwan coasts over 40 years(1970-2015).
Traditionally, most scientists of the fishery acoustics used a scientific echo sounder to investigate the fish stocks, and examing the samples by trawling. But we attempt to use the instrument called Reson SeaBat 7125(which is major used to acquire water depth information in survey area) to record data on acoustic backscatter at Yungan, Kaohsiung. The purpose of this study is to extract the acoustic backscattering strength from fish schools, using the high-resolution and high quality scenes provided by the device.
Because the environmental acoustics factors such as fish biological factors, artificial reefs, or reverberation, so we need to exclude the acoustic interferences and extract the signals from fish schools.
There are two methodologies could help us extract the signals：(1) we use Fledermaus FMMidwater software to distinguish the types of signal, and then selecting the area of the fish signals, (2) we use the data processing procedure provided by Echoview software to extract the signals of fish. In order to pick up the correct signals, not only examining but confirming is needed. Finally, we capture the acceptable signals of fish, and the results also used to display be displayed in the software calledArcGIS.
Because copper calibration test isn’t a suitable method to correct the impulse electrical strength of the Seabat 7125 multi-beam echo sounder, when the device was used to collect water column data, the volume backscattering strength may have some uncertainty. Picking the proper threshold value up is not only an important issue, but also a limitation of this research.
The different parameter settings were applied simultaneously, the results demonstrate distinct numbers of fish by the four artificial reefs, which were named right, left, middle and downward. When we use SPSS Statistical Software to analyze data collected from three days, the trending phenomena we found seem to be the identical, most of the fish were detected at the artificial reefs called right, and the summation of the whole day fish numbers has the peak roughly corresponding with dusk and night. Based on the depth depending results, the strong volume backscattering strength signals we extracted, the elevation between these fish schools and artificial reefs is contiguous, and we could find most fish schools around reefs. According to our analyzing results, the elevation was strongly corresponding to the reality water depth, presenting in this study is often 10-15% of the reality water depth. Because “the relationships between schools and reefs” are mentioned, our aim in terms of the demonstration of the linear fish appearing rates was to investigate the schools’ spatial and temporal distribution and the capability of the reefs. Because the fish numbers we detected have the highest values at the right one, although all of the four artificial reefs can keep alive for the fish species, we thought the artificial reef could provide a great deal of shelter than other reefs. Moreover, perhaps the method can’t be a substitution despite against quantification purpose, I assume it can provide a better way of acquire the data around artificial-reef environments.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
誌謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract vi
目錄 ix
圖目錄 xi
表目錄 xiv
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與目的 1
1-2 研究方法與論文架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2-1 漁業聲學概論 6
2-2 漁業聲學儀器簡介 14
2-3 漁業資源量概述 20
第三章 聲學資料處理方法 22
3-1 漁業聲學資料處理軟體概述 22
3-2 Fledermaus FMMidwater軟體之魚訊偵測 26
3-3 Echoview軟體之魚跡偵測 36
3-4 軟體Fledermaus與軟體Echoview之魚跡偵測結果之差異性 54
第四章 實驗說明及魚跡偵測結果討論 55
4-1 實驗說明 55
4-2 魚訊偵測結果之呈現 62
4-3 數值統計 87
第五章 結論與建議 103
5-1 結論 103
5-2 建議 105
參考文獻 106
中文 106
英文 108
其它語言 113
附錄 114
附錄一 魚跡偵測流程之變數功能說明 114
附錄二 輸出表格參數項說明 122
附錄三 中華民國100年動物生態評估技術規範：（二）水域生態系6. 魚類 124
附錄四 中華民國103年臺灣地區拖網漁船禁漁區位置及有關限制事宜，漁業法第四十四條第四款 126

中文
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其它語言
103. 三宅博哉(2012)「音響学的手法を用いたスケトウダラ北部日本海系群の資源動態評価と産卵」，北海道立總合研究機構釧路水產試驗場，Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Fish. Res. Inst。