Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-1126113-134359 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-1126113-134359
論文名稱
Title
北高雄紅樹林棲地與衝擊管理研究
Study on Habitat and Impacts Management of the Mangroves in Northern Kaohsiung
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
111
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2013-12-14
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2013-12-26
關鍵字
Keywords
生育地、紅樹林、衝擊、水產養殖、冷卻水
cooling-water, impact, aquaculture, mangrove, habitat
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5673 次,被下載 627
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5673 times, has been downloaded 627 times.
中文摘要
摘要
紅樹林具有重要的生態功能與環境保護功能,而海岸地區土地利用型態的轉變與紅樹林的生態變遷有著緊密的關聯。因此,在進行海岸地區開發時,需特別注意是否會造成紅樹林生態的衝擊。高雄海岸地區是台灣最重要的水產養殖區。存在其間的紅樹林已與養殖池成為一特殊的人文景觀與生態。本研究以北高雄地區的紅樹林與養殖產業的關係作為個案研究,藉文件分析、輔助式問卷調查、深入訪談及直接觀察等質性研究調查方式,分析紅樹林的生長現況以及從過去到現在的生育地變化,並找出衝擊來源,以了解當地紅樹林生育地變遷的原因,並評估衝擊源與發展的趨勢。
經調查分析後,日治時期的北高雄紅樹林在經過海岸地區的填土及養殖利用後,紅樹林潛在生育地的分佈由原本潟湖邊及土堤岸旁轉為大排、公溝、塭岸、鹽田濕地及旱地等五大類生育地。分佈面積由較小而連貫,改為較大而破碎的情況。近30年來的養殖方式改變以及近年來的冷卻水引用工程,更使得塭岸紅樹林的生育地遭受更多衝擊。甚至,塭岸紅樹林有無法在原生育地再次生長的情況。最後,本研究將北高雄紅樹林的衝擊來源分為水及非水兩大類因子,並探討這些衝擊來源未來的演變趨勢,可作為政策制定與管理的建議。


關鍵字: 紅樹林、生育地、衝擊、水產養殖、冷卻水
Abstract
Abstract
Mangroves plays important roles on sustaining ecological systems and providing environmental protection from human societies. Various land-use changes in coastal areas are related to the changes of the mangrove ecosystem. To monitor the impacts from the changes. Northern Kaohsiung is one of the most important aquaculture areas. For a long time over sixty years development on the aquaculture, the mangroves and aquaculture have existed as a special cultural and ecological landscape. Using a case study approach with questionnaires, in-depth interviews, direct observation to investigate the status of mangrove growth and the mangrove habitat change historically in the study. We also analysed the sources of impacts to understand the causes of local mangrove diminishing, and assessing which impact will continue to increase.
The results have revealed that after filling and exploitation the coastal areas, the distribution of the Northern Kaohsiung mangroves has changed after Japanese-occupied period. The potential mangrove habitat changed from lagoon shore and claybank into five habitats categories, i.e., a big gutter, common ditch, pond ditch, salt pan wetland and unirrigated farmland. The habitat size changed from small and coherent into large and broken. The aquaculture methods changed over the last 30 years and the cooling-water from natural gas processing factories has been applied on the aquaculture recently, which have caused the mangroves in pond ditch habitat unresisting. At last, this study will divided the sources of impacts into two categories: water sources and non-water sources, then discussed trends of changes of impacts.

Keywords: mangrove, habitat, impact, aquaculture, cooling-water
目次 Table of Contents
目錄
國立中山大學研究生學位論文審定書 i
謝誌 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
表目次 vii
圖目次 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 章節介紹 4
第二章 北高雄地區養殖產業與紅樹林的關係 5
2.1 北高雄的紅樹林 5
2.2 紅樹林生態所受之衝擊 17
2.3 養殖產業對紅樹林的影響 19
2.3.1 全球養殖業的擴張對紅樹林造成的威脅 20
2.3.2 北高雄養殖產業的變遷 22
2.4 紅樹林的保育 24
2.4.1 台灣過去的紅樹林保育策略 25
2.4.2 紅樹林的復育 27
2.5 小結 30
第三章 研究方法與材料 32
3.1 質性研究 32
3.2 研究流程與方法 40
3.3 地理範圍 44
第四章 北高雄地區紅樹林的生長與衝擊 48
4.1 高雄市海岸紅樹林潛在生育地的變遷 48
4.2 北高雄紅樹林現況 52
4.3 北高雄紅樹林的衝擊來源 59
4.3.1 來自非水因子的衝擊 59
4.3.2 來自水因子的衝擊 65
4.4 養殖戶對紅樹林的觀感 68
第五章 北高雄養殖方式變化對紅樹林的影響 73
5.1 永安區養殖之冷卻水的使用 73
5.2 養殖趨勢與紅樹林的衝擊 77
第六章 結論與討論 80
6.1 主要結論 80
6.2 討論 82
6.2.1 未來可研究之重要問題 82
6.2.2 未來應優先解決之問題 83
6.3 政府可參考執行的建議 83
參考文獻 85
附錄一 問卷 A-1
參考文獻 References
參考文獻
王文科,1994。質的教育研究法。台北: 師大書苑。
永安區漁會,2012。本區養殖環境特色。http://www.yafa.org.tw/,檢視日期: 2013
年9月9日。
永安區公所,2013a。關於永安,農特產篇-養殖產業。
http://www.yungan.gov.tw/ ,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
永安區公所,2013b。關於永安,地理位置。
http://www.yungan.gov.tw/,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
永安區公所,2013c。關於永安,人文歷史篇。
http://www.yungan.gov.tw/,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
朱鴻鈞,2010。全球漁業發展現況及未來趨勢分析─兼論台灣漁業發展現況。
Bio-Economy 2030生物經濟與科技前瞻《系列6-9》,第33卷: 47-52頁。
行政院農業委員會,1990。行政院農業委員會年報。台北: 行政院農業委員會。
行政院環境保護署,2013。水質標準。
http://wq.epa.gov.tw/WQEPA/Code/,檢視日期: 2013年11月18日。
余豐任,2004。高屏地區紅樹林組成與分佈之調查。國立中山大學生物科學系碩
士在職專班碩士論文。
沈競辰,2000。潮間帶上的海上森林。 http://ee.tc.edu.tw/05country/red/index.htm,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
吳進喜,1995。高雄地區的平埔族及其聚落。史聯雜誌,第24卷: 93-124頁。
林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花,2005。質性研究方法:訪談模式與實施步驟分析。
身心障礙研究,第3卷: 122-136頁。
茄萣區公所,2013。話說茄萣,地名緣起。
http://www.cheting.gov.tw/,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
胡興華,2004。台灣的養殖漁業。台北縣: 遠足文化事業股份有限公司。
范貴珠,2011。臺灣紅樹林之人工復育。林業研究專訊,第18卷: 25-30頁。
洪敏麟,1979。台灣地名沿革。臺中:臺灣省政府新聞處。
高雄市政府主計處,2011。高雄市統計要覽。
http://dbaskmg.kcg.gov.tw/business5.php,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
高拱乾,1960。台灣府志。台北: 臺灣銀行經濟研究室。
高雄分會,2001。紅樹林的故事。台灣濕地保護聯盟(8月號),第27期。
海洋暨海岸整合永續經營研究室,2009。高雄縣98年度海岸資源委託調查及監測
先期計畫。高雄: 高雄縣政府農業處。
張石角,1997。海岸地區開發行為環境影響評估監督作業規範之研訂。台灣: 行
政院環境保護署。
張瀚元,2005。淺談水產養殖。台肥月刊電子檔,第46卷。
陳文樹,2005。紅樹林植物之生態與特性。台灣林業,第31卷: 55-58頁。
陳明男,2002。四種台灣紅樹林植物對光度與溫度之生理反應。台中市: 國立中
興大學森林學系碩士論文。
陳明義,1991。海岸植物資源的保育。科學月刊,第22卷: 900-903頁。
陳明義,1997。台灣南部之紅樹林。台灣林業科學,第23卷: 3-7頁。
梓官區公所,2012。認識梓官。http://www.tzukuan.gov.tw/,檢視日期: 2013年9
月9日。
經濟部能源局,2008。能源再利用,與居民共存共榮-「永安液化天然氣廠」案
例。http://energymonthly.tier.org.tw/,檢視日期: 2013年11月4日。
楊宇菁,2003。高雄縣路竹鄉頂寮村與新達村居民生活方式之研究。國立
台南師範學院鄉土文化研究碩士論文。
楊森富,1994。平埔族地名解讀及趣談-以西台灣大肚溪以南平埔族地名為主
(上)。山海文化,第5卷: 18-32頁。
蔣毓英,1985。臺灣府志。北京: 中華書局。
薛美莉,1995。消失的濕地森林─記台灣的紅樹林。南投: 台灣省特有生物研究
保育中心。
彌陀區公所,2013。話說彌陀,地理環境。http://www.mituo.gov.tw/,檢視日期: 2013
年9月9日。
藍鼎元,1958。平臺紀略。臺北: 臺灣銀行經濟研究室。
蘇明賢,1999。八十八年鄉土巡禮-永安紅樹林之旅。
http://teach.kssh.khc.edu.tw/teacherweb/history/data/yong-an.htm,檢視日期: 2013年9月9日。
Alongi, D.M., 2002. Present state and future of the world’s mangrove forests.
Environmental Conservation, 29, 331-349.
Andersen, L. E., Melville, F., Jolley, D., 2008. An assessment of an oil spill in
Gladstone, Australia–impacts on intertidal areas at one month post-spill. Marine
Pollution Bulletin, 57, 607-615.
Armitage, D., 2002. Socio-institutional dynamics and the political ecology of
mangrove forest conservation in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Global
Environmental Change, 12, 203-217.
Barbier, E.B., Strand, I., 1998. Valuing mangrove fishery linkages: a case study of
Campeche, Mexico. Environmental and Resource Economics, 12, 151-166.
Béland, M., Goïta, K., Pham, T.T.H., 2006. Assessment of land cover changes related
to shrimp aquaculture using remote sensing data: a case study in the Giao Thuy
district, Vietnam. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27, 1491-1510. Binh, C.T., Phillips, M.J., Demaine, H., 1997. Integrated shrimp-mangrove systems
in the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Aquaculture Research, 28, 599-610.
Burford, M. A., Thompson, P. J., McIntosh, R. P., Bauman, R. H., Pearson, D.
C., 2003. Nutrient and microbial dynamics in high-intensity, zero-exchange
shrimp ponds in Belize. Aquaculture, 219, 393-411.
Clough, B., 2013. Continuing the Journey Amongst Mangroves. Okinawa, Japan:
International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME).
Costanzo, S. D., O’Donohue, M. J., Dennison, W. C., 2004. Assessing the influence
and distribution of shrimp pond effluent in a tidal mangrove creek in
north-east Australia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 48, 514-525.
Dahdouh-Guebas, F., Koedam, N., 2002. A synthesis of existent and potential
mangrove vegetation structure dynamics from Kenyan, Sri Lankan and
Mauritanian case studies. Academie royale des Sciences d’Outre-Mer, 48,
487-511.
Dahdouh-Guebas, F., Jayatissa, L.P., Di Nitto, D., Bosire, J.O., Lo Seen, D., Koedam,
N., 2005. How effective were mangroves as a defence against the recent tsunami? Current Biology, 15, 443-447.
Duke, N.C., Ball, M.C., Ellison, J.C., 1998. Factors influencing biodiversity and
distributional gradients in mangroves. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters
7, 27–47.
Duke, N.C., Burns, K. A., Swannell, R. P., Dalhaus, O., Rupp, R. J.,2000.
Dispersant use and a bioremediation strategy as alternate means of reducing
impacts of large oil spills on mangroves: The Gladstone field trials. Marine
Pollution Bulletin, 41, 403-412.
Duke, N.C., Meynecke, J.O., Dittmann, S., Ellison, A.M., Anger, K., Berger, U.,
Cannicci, S., Diele, K., Ewel, K.C., Field, C.D., Koedam, N., Lee, S.Y.,
Marchand, C., Nordhaus, I., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., 2007. A world without
mangroves? Science, 317, 41-42.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), 2007. The world’s
mangroves 1980–2005. Rome : FAO.
Farnsworth, E.J., Ellison, A.M., 1997. The global conservation status of mangroves.
Ambio, 26, 328-334.
Feagin, R.A., Mukherjee, N., Shanker, K., Baird, A.H., Cinner, J., Kerr, A.M.,
Koedam, N., Sridhar, A., Arthur, R., Jayatissa, L.P., Lo Seen, D., Menon, M.,
Rodriguez, S., Shamsuddoha, Md., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., 2010. Shelter from the
storm? Use and misuse of coastal vegetation bioshields for managing natural
disasters.Conservation Letters, 3, 1-11.
Field, C. D.,1995. Impact of expected climate change on mangroves. Asia-Pacific
Symposium on Mangrove Ecosystems ,106, 75-81.
Flaherty, M., Karnjanakesorn, C., 1995. Marine shrimp aquaculture and natural
resource degradation in Thailand. Environmental Management, 19, 27-37.
Foell, J., Harrison, E., Stirrat, R.L., 1999. Participatory approaches to natural
resource management─the case of coastal zone management in the Puttalam
District, Sri Lanka. summary findings of DFID-funded research on
“Participatory mechanisms for sustainable development of coastal ecosystems”
(Project R6977). Falmer, Brighton, UK: School of African and Asian studies,
University of Sussex.
Garrity, S. D., Levings, S. C., & Burns, K. A.,1994. The Galeta oil spill. I. Long-term
effects on the physical structure of the mangrove fringe. Estuarine, Coastal and
Shelf Science, 38, 327-348.
Getter, C. D., Ballou, T. G., & Bruce Koons, C.,1985. Effects of dispersed oil on
mangroves synthesis of a seven-year study. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 16,
318-324.
Giri, C., Zhu, Z., Tieszen, L.L., Singh, A., Gillette, S., Kelmelis, J.A., 2008.
Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics (1975-2005) of the tsunami-affected
region of Asia. Journal of Biogeography, 35, 519-528.
Hemeleers, L., Koedam, N., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., 2009. Global ecology of
mangroves: a survey analysis of diversity, functionality, and degradation of
mangrove ecosystems. VLIZ Special Publication 43, 70-71.
Jackson, C., Preston, N., Thompson, P. J., Burford, M., 2003. Nitrogen budget and
effluent nitrogen components at an intensive shrimp farm. Aquaculture, 218,
397-411.
Kathiresan, K., Rajendran, N., 2005. Coastal mangrove forests mitigated tsunami.
Estuarine. Coastal and Shelf Science, 65, 601-606.
Kitchin, R., Tate, N.J., 2000. Conducting research in human geography.UK: Pearson
Education Limited Press.
Kovacs, J.M., 2000. Perceptions of environmental change in a tropical coastal
wetland. Land Degradation & Development, 11, 209-220.
Lewis, R. R., Streever, W., 2000. Restoration of Mangrove Habitat.
Vicksburg : Engineer research and development center.
McKinnon, A. D., Trott, L. A., Alongi, D. M., & Davidson, A., 2002. Water column
production and nutrient characteristics in mangrove creeks receiving shrimp
farm effluent. Aquaculture research, 33, 55-73.
Martin, N.M.,1996. Sampling for Qualitative Research. Oxford : Oxford University
Press.
Minichiello, V., Aroni, R., Timewell, E., Alexander, L .,1995. In-depth Interviewing,
Second Edition. Melbourne: Longman.
Naylor, R. L., Goldburg, R. J., Primavera, J. H., Kautsky, N., Beveridge, M. C. M.,
Clay, J., Folke, C., Lubchenco, J., Mooney, H., Troell, M., 2000. Effect of
aquaculture on world fish supplies. Nature, 405, 1017-1024.
Paez-Osuna, F., 2001. The environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture: causes,effects, and mitigating alternatives. Environmental Management, 28, 131-140.
Pattanaik, C., Narendra Prasad, S., 2011. Assessment of aquaculture impact on
mangroves of Mahanadi delta (Orissa), East coast of India using remote sensing
and GIS. Ocean & Coastal Management, 54, 789-795.
Primavera, J. H., 1995. Mangroves and brackishwater pond culture in the Philippines.
Hydrobiologia, 295, 303–309.
Primavera, J. H.,1997. Socio‐economic impacts of shrimp culture. Aquaculture
Research, 28, 815-827.
Primavera, J.H., 2000. Development and conservation of Philippine mangroves:
institutional issues. Ecological Economics, 35, 91-106.
Primavera, J. H., 2005. Mangroves, Fishponds, and the Quest for Sustainability. Global voices of science, 310,57-9.
Polidoro, B.A., Carpenter, K.E., Collins, L., Duke, N.C., Ellison, A.M., Farnsworth,
E.J., Fernando, E.S., Kalthiresan, K., Koedam, N.E., Livingstone, S.R., 2010.
The loss of species: mangrove extinction risk and geographic areas of global
concern. PLoS One, 5, 1-10.
Ronnback, P., 1999. The ecological basis for economic value of seafood production
supported by mangrove ecosystems. Ecological Economics, 29, 235-252.
Sam, D.D., Binh, N.N., Que, N.D., Phuong, V.T., 2005. Vietnam report on review of
national data and information on mangrove forest. Hanoi: UNEP-GEF.
Sasekumar, A., Chong, V. C., Lim, K. H., 1994. Status of mangrove finfish resources
In ASEAN. In Proceedings of the 3rd ASEAN-Australia Symposium on the
Living Coastal Resources held at Chulalongkorn University, Thailand.
Senarath, U., Visvanathan, C., 2001. Environmental issues in brackish water shrimp
aquaculture in Sri Lanka. Environmental Management, 27, 335-348.
Spalding, M.D., Kainuma, M., Collins, L., 2010. World Atlas of Mangroves. London,
Washington, DC: Earthscan.
Tam, N. F., Wong, T. W., & Wong, Y. S.,2005. A case study on fuel oil
contamination in a mangrove swamp in Hong Kong. Marine pollution bulletin,
51, 1092-1100.
Tamin, N.M., Zakainah, R., Hashim, R., Yin, Y., 2011. Establishment of Avicennia
marina mangroves on accreting coastline at Sungai Haji Dorani, Selangor,
Malaysia. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 94, 334-342.
Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R.,1984. Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods,
Second Edition. London : Wilsy.
Thampanya, U., Vermaat, J. E., Sinsakul, S., Panapitukkul, N.,2006. Coastal
erosion and mangrove progradation of Southern Thailand. Estuarine, coastal and
shelf science, 68, 75-85.
Thomas, Y., Courties, C., El Helwe, Y., Herbland, A., Lemonnier, H. 2010. Spatial
and temporal extension of eutrophication associated with shrimp farm
wastewater discharges in the new caledonia lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin,
61, 387-398.
Tomlinson P.B., 1986. The Botany of Mangrove. London: Cambridage University.
Valiela, I., Bowen, J.L., York, J.K., 2001. Mangrove forests: one of the World’s
threatened major tropical environments. BioScience, 51, 807-815.
Walsh, G. E.,1974. Mangroves: a review. Ecology of halophytes, 51-174.
Williams, M.,1997. Social surveys: design to analysis. Social Research Issues,
Methods and Process. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Yin, R.K. 1994. Case study research:design and methods. California : Sage
Publications Press.
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:自定論文開放時間 user define
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code