本研究以脂肪酸組成作為食性結構指標，探討東沙軟珊瑚處於不同深度與生長域其營養來源的差異，目的在瞭解分佈深度與生長區域對軟珊瑚與共生藻間的營養傳輸的影響。以水肺潛水方式在東沙環礁北岸水深5 m與25 m及東北岸5 m採集兩屬優勢軟珊瑚：指形軟珊瑚與肉質軟珊瑚，冷凍樣本經均質與離心，分離為珊瑚宿主組織與共生藻兩部分，萃取脂肪並後氣相層析儀分析脂肪酸組成，並取部分共生藻樣品進行系群分析。分佈於北岸與東北岸的指形軟珊瑚宿主組織與共生藻脂肪酸組成並不相同，東北岸者主要為不飽和脂肪酸，特別是16:2ω6及16:2ω 7，北岸指形軟珊瑚宿主組織飽和脂肪酸含量高於東北岸者(P<0.01)，不飽和脂肪酸東北岸高於北岸如16:2ω7 (P<0.05)。肉質軟珊瑚宿主組織與共生藻脂肪酸組成在兩採樣點皆是飽和脂肪酸為主。水深5 m肉質軟珊瑚宿主組織中飽和脂肪酸含量高於25m者，不飽和脂肪酸則反之，例如16:3ω 4，肉質軟珊瑚的共生藻脂肪酸組成也有類似的趨勢，但無顯著不同。這些結果顯示分佈地點造成軟珊瑚屬間與共生藻系群間脂肪酸組成變異大於分佈的深度，分佈地區的環境因子可能是造成軟珊瑚與共生藻脂肪酸組成變化的主要因素。

Fatty acid compositions were used as the biomarkers of trophic structure to study the influence of environmental factors including distribution depth and area on the host tissue and zooxanthellae of soft corals in the Dongsha Atoll. Two of dominant soft coral genera, Sinularia (SI) and Sarcophyton (SA), were collected by SCUBA from 5 m and 25 m in north (N) and northeastern (NE) coast of the Atoll. The samples were separated into host tissues and zooxanthellae through homogenization and centrifugation. Fatty acid composition was quantified by gas chromatography after lipid extraction. The results showed that the fatty acid composition of SI tissue and zooxanthellae was varied between N and NE. N SI were rich in saturated fatty acids, while NE SI were rich mainly in unsaturated fatty acids, especially16:2ω 6 and16:2ω 7. The content of fatty acids in N SI was higher (P<0.01) than those in NE SI while the unsaturated fatty acid was opposite, like 16:2ω 6(P<0.05). Both tissue and zooxanthellae of SA were rich in saturated fatty acid, especially 18:0, either in N or NE. The content of saturated fatty acid, like 16:3ω 4 in SA tissue was higher at 5 m than at 25m while the converse was true for the unsaturated fatty acids. Similar trend was observed in SA zooxanthellae. In summary, the results showed that distribution location was more important than distribution depth in influencing the fatty acid composition of the soft coral in the Dongsha Atoll.

論文審定書 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vi
一、前言 1
1.1脂質與脂肪酸 1
1.2珊瑚營養來源 4
1.3珊瑚與共生藻 6
1.4珊瑚的脂質營養 9
1.5東沙環礁的軟珊瑚 11
三、實驗方法與材料 15
3.1 採樣地點與採樣方式 15
3.2 脂肪酸分析 15
3.2.1宿主組織與共生藻之分離 15
3.3.2宿主組織與共生藻脂肪萃取 16
3.3.3脂肪甲酯化 16
3.4 脂肪酸組成分析 16
3.5 共生藻系群鑑定 17
3.6 統計分析 17
四、結果 33
4-1、指形軟珊瑚與肉質軟珊瑚脂肪酸特徵 33
4-2、共生藻系群及其脂肪酸特徵 33
4.3、兩採樣點軟珊瑚宿主與共生藻脂肪酸比較 36
4.4、不同深度軟珊瑚宿主體組織脂肪酸特徵 42
五、討論 52
六、參考文獻 55
英文文獻 55
中文文獻 64

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