在跳頻系統中，除了接收機熱雜訊可能導致訊號的損害，另一個會對訊號造成損害的是蓄意或非蓄意的人為干擾或衰減，因此我們使用分集技術來降低訊號多重路徑衰減程度與抑制人為干擾。
本論文考慮兩種系統，第一個是採用快跳頻/多頻鍵移系統，第二個是快跳頻多重進接/多頻鍵移系統。在第一個系統中環境為蓄意人為干擾或窄頻帶非人為干擾的環境，其中考慮三種干擾型式包括寬頻雜訊干擾、部分頻帶雜訊干擾及多波道單音干擾。在第二個系統中考慮多使用者運作多重進接通道、頻率選擇性衰減通道及AWGN通道的環境。
在本論文中，我們提出了兩種使用於上述兩個系統的改良式分集結合方法，此兩種方法主要是以乘積跟順序-統計自規化包跡檢測的方法做為基礎然後再予以延伸，而它們主要是加入可靠的順序-統計項。這兩種分集結合能有效抗多波道單音干擾或部分頻帶干擾，對抗干擾效能是非常良好的。運作在多重進接干擾和頻率選擇性瑞雷衰減通道下，這兩種分集結合也都能有優越於乘積和順序-統計自規化包跡檢測的效能，特別是在高SNR下更加明顯。也不會像軟式限制結合器和硬式限制多數決結合器需要附加訊息的幫助，所以不會有因沒有可靠的附加訊息產生的嚴重衰減。

In frequency-hopping (FH) system, the signal is not only impaired by receiver thermal noise, but also impaired by jamming, interference or multipath fading. Therefore, diversity techniques are used to reduce these impairments.
Two systems are considered in this thesis, the first one is fast frequency-hopping/M-ary frequency-shift-keying (FFH/MFSK) System and the second one is fast frequency-hopping multiple access/M-ary frequency-shift-keying system (FFHMA/MFSK) System. In the first system, we consider three cases, multitone jamming (MTJ), broad-band noise jamming (BBN) and partial-band noise jamming (PBN).In the second system, we consider multiuser cases with multiple access interference, frequency-selective fading, and AWGN channels.
In this thesis, two modified diversity combining methods are proposed. These methods are modified product and Order Statistics-Normalized Envelope Detection (OSNED) methods by adding the reliable order statistics. From simulation results, these methods can effectively combat multitone jamming and partial-band noise jamming. When comparing with product and OSNED in multiple access interference channel and frequency-selective fading channels, the proposed methods have better performance at high SNR. The proposed methods also do not need the additional side information as hard limiting majority vote (HLMV) and soft limiting combiner (SLC) needed.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖索引 vii
表索引 xi
第一章 簡介 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 各章提要 2
第二章 快跳頻/多頻鍵移系統架構 3
2.1 快跳頻/非同調多頻鍵移系統 3
2.1.1 跳躍速率 3
2.1.2 快跳頻/多頻鍵移發射機 4
2.1.3 快跳頻/多頻鍵移接收機 5
2.2 干擾通道型式 7
2.2.1 寬頻雜訊干擾（BBN）7
2.2.2 部分頻帶雜訊干擾（PBN）10
2.2.3 多波道單音干擾（MTJ）11
2.2.4 信號和干擾描述 14
2.3 分集結合技術 16
2.3.1 線性（linear）分集結合 16
2.3.2 正規化包跡檢測（Normalized Envelope Detection）分集結合 16
2.3.3 跳躍排序等級和（Hop Rank Sum）分集結合 16
2.3.4 乘積（product）分集結合 17
2.3.5 順序-統計自規化包跡檢測（Order Statistics-Normalized Envelope Detection，OSNED）分集結合 17
第三章 快速跳頻多重進接/多頻鍵移系統架構 19
3.1 快速跳頻多重存取系統 19
3.2 無線傳輸通道型式 25
3.2.1 頻率選擇性瑞雷衰減通道 25
3.2.2 多重進接干擾通道 26
3.3 快速跳頻多重存取系統分集組合技術 27
3.3.1 硬式限制多數決（Hard Limiting Majority Vote，HLMV）結合器 27
3.3.2 軟式限制結合器（Soft Limiting Combiner，SLC）27
第四章 改良式分集結合技術 29
4.1 改良式演算法 29
4.2 兩個改良式分集結合 35
4.2.1 productN分集結合 35
4.2.2 OSNEDN分集結合 35
4.2.3 在多重進接干擾環境中OS項選取 36
4.2.4 在人為干擾環境中OS項選取 45
第五章 系統模擬 50
5.1 在人為干擾下分集結合模擬 50
5.1.1 分集位準L對抗干擾效能之影響 50
5.1.2 抗寬頻干擾效能 54
5.1.3 抗部分頻帶干擾效能 58
5.2 在多重進接瑞雷衰減通道下分集結合模擬 63
5.2.1 訊雜比之變化對效能影響 67
5.2.2 分集位準L之變化對效能影響 71
5.2.3 萊斯因子（Rician Factor）之變化對效能影響 73
5.2.4 調變位準M之變化對效能影響 74
第六章 結論 77
參考文獻 78

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