動物之敵對行為乃由恐嚇、打鬥、撤退、攻擊的所組合成的一種對外界刺激的複雜且綜合的反應。目前已知動物的行為反應受到中樞神經系統的調控，其中神經傳導物質血清素在動物間的敵對行為互動扮演著重要的角色，但對於動物體間恐嚇及打鬥表現是否受到血清素不同的作用，目前仍不是很清楚。因為蓋斑鬥魚的敵對模式已經被描述得很詳細，且其敵對過程可明顯地區分成恐嚇與打鬥，故本研究試探討蓋斑鬥魚之敵對模式中，血清素與恐嚇與打鬥間的關係，以瞭解動物敵對中之恐嚇及打鬥是否受到血清素不同之影響。結果發現當藥物施予單一個體時，以血清素前趨物tryptophan（0.125mg/g）處理蓋斑鬥魚，對其敵對反應並無顯著影響，而以血清素合成阻斷物p-Chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (0.3mg/g)處理，則會降低恐嚇期的時間及頭尾展示。而當藥物同時施予敵對雙方時，發現tryptophan可以降低其兩者的敵對反應歷經時間；而PCPA則降低其恐嚇期及頭尾展示。此外，tryptophan可使個體成為被動的攻擊者，反之，PCPA則使個體成為主動攻擊的角色，但這兩種物質對蓋斑鬥魚的敵對勝負並無顯著上的關係。我認為蓋斑鬥魚之敵對策略不僅可受血清素之影響，且其敵對之反應亦得配合其對手之行為表現，而在敵對結果之勝負的建立方面，可能受到外界刺激大過於內在血清素的影響。

Animal agonistic behaviors, including threat, combat, submission and chase, are complex responses to experimental stimuli. Animal behaviors are regulated by the central nervous system. In the central nervous system, the biogenic amine serotonin has been thought to serve important roles in animal aggression (including fish), but it’s not clear if serotonin affects threatening and fighting differently. This study took experimental approaches to examine the effects of this neurotransmitter on threatening and fighting in a paradise-fish model in which the complex agonistic behavior is well characterized. Treatments with serotonin synthesis precursor tryptophan (0.125mg/g) to one of the two contestants had insignificant effects on threatening or fighting while synthesis blocker p-Chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (0.3mg/g) decreased threatening time and occurrences of head-tail display. When these drugs were added to both contestants, tryptophan reduced all agonistic behavioral patterns displays, and PCPA decreased threatening time and head-tail display. In addition to changes in behavioral patterns, tryptophan led the fish to be attacked. In contrast, PCPA led the injected fish to actively attack its opponent. However, tryptophan and PCPA had no effect on social status in parasise fish. I suggest that agonistic responses and the initial fighting decision in a paradise fish are affected not only by level of its serotonin, but also by the behavioral responses of its opponent. And the establishment of outcome of encounter is affected more by the environmental stimuli than the serotonin level.

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章別 頁碼

緒言••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1
材料與方法•••••••••••••••••••••• 6
結果••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9
討論••••••••••••••••••••••••• 13
結論••••••••••••••••••••••••• 17
參考文獻••••••••••••••••••••••• 18
圖•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 26

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