本研究目的為瞭解高屏峽谷沉降顆粒動力及地球化學性質變化與相關動力參數的因果關係，並探討其表示的沉積環境意義與傳輸機制，及非潮汐作用(濁流)的影響。現場實驗方法為在高屏海底峽谷佈放LADCP串列及沉積物收集器串列T6KP(1/10/-3/20)、T7KP(7/7-9/11)，以收集沉降顆粒及相關動力參數的時序資料。沉積物分析參數由內插法建立出連續的時序資料，並應用時序分析方法以瞭解物理及地球化學性質變化與相關動力參數間的關連性。
研究結果發現不同粒級的沉降顆粒在峽谷所受到作用力不同亦影響其分佈結構，粗顆粒動力受到峽谷中海流的垂向分量影響較大，細顆粒則受到沿峽谷軸的海流分量影響較大。沉降顆粒動力受半日潮影響較不明顯，以大小潮流影響最大。高屏峽谷通常為潮汐作用主導的穩定沉降環境，親顆粒性物質隨黏土顆粒濃度變化，粗顆粒則隨流場變化，大小潮期間的霧濁層厚度變化影響峽谷底層沉降顆粒粒徑群的垂向分布。峽谷上層(邊緣)與下層(近底部)顆粒動力屬於不同傳輸模式，上層受到湧昇流及陸棚影響，下層則受到潮流及濁流影響。當偶發性事件發生時，峽谷底層若出現浪湧型濁流(surge-like turbidity flow)，濁流在增強(waxing)階段，沉降顆粒的動力會受強烈再懸浮及混合作用影響，使顆粒地球化學性質會呈現劇烈的變化，濁流內粒徑結構以粗砂及粉砂分布為主，黏土含量較低，懸浮沉積物濃度約4.41 g/l，頻率域在2.1~9.8 cycle per day之間。在衰弱(waning)階段沉降顆粒動力及地球化學性質變化則會逐漸回復到大小潮週期的變化。
冬季時，高屏峽谷大多數的沉降顆粒為大潮時期由外海而來的海源物質(生物源顆粒)，逆峽谷而向上流；夏季時，高屏峽谷的大多數沉降顆粒則為颱風期間高屏溪所輸出的陸源物質(高有機質)，並藉濁流順峽谷而下，傳輸至南海。

The purpose of this research is to understand the sinking particle dynamics in the Gaoping Submarine Canyon (GPSC), the change of their geochemical character, and their causal relationship with dynamic parameters. Also this research inquires into the significance of sedimentary environment, transport process, and the influence of non-tidal actions (turbidity current) in the sedimentary environment. The field experiments including LADCP moorings, T6KP(1/10/-3/20), and T7KP (7/7-9/11) sediment traps moorings were deployed in the GPSC to collect the time-series data of sinking particle and related dynamic parameters. Parameters of discrete sediment analysis were used to build continuous time-series data by interpolation, and time series analysis applied to understand the change of physical and geochemical character and their correlation with dynamic parameters.
The results showed that sinking particles of different grain-size classes confront different forces in the canyon and their grain-size distribution structures are influenced accordingly. Vertical component of the flow has more influences on coarse particles, while the along canyon flow component has more influences on fine particles. The influence of semidiurnal tide on sinking particle is not clearly resoloved, but spring tide and neap tide affect them significantly. GPSC is normally a stable deposition environment dominated by tidal currents. Particle-reactive materials vary upon with clay concentration, coarse paericles vary upon with the flow field, and the change of benthic nepheloid layer thickness during spring and neap tide cycle affects the vertical distribution of particle size-groups near the bottom of canyon. The particle in the upper (rim) and lower (near the bottom) canyon belong to different transport and dynamic regimes. The upper part was affected by upwelling and shelf processes, while the lower part was affected by tidal currents. In case of episodic event, if surge-like turbidity flows pass near the canyon floor, in the waxing phase, the sinking particle would be affected by the strong momentum of resuspension and mixing which leads to a dramatic change of geochemical character of these particles. In turbidity current event, coarse sand and silt are the major particle sizes with low clay content, suspended sediment concentration about 4.41 g / l. The fluctuation of time series analysis by HHT found a frequency between 2.1~9.8 clcle per day. In the waning phase, dynamics and geochemical character of sinking particle will gradually return to those variations in tidal dominance.
In winter, most sinking particles in GPSC are the source material (particles of biological origin) coming from the off-sea with the upcanyon flow during spring tide period. In summer, most sinking particles in GPSC are the terrigenous material (higher organic matter) output from the Gaoping River during typhoons, and flowing to the South China Sea along the canyon with turbidity flow.

致謝………………………I
摘要………………………III
英文摘要…………………V
目錄………………………VII
圖目錄……………………XI
表目錄……………………XV
第一章、緒論……1
1.1、前言……1
1.2、水動力作用與沉降顆粒之間的關係……2
1.3、偶發性事件在顆粒傳輸機制扮演的角色……3
1.4、文獻回顧……4
1.5、研究目的……7
第二章、研究區域……8
2.1、高屏河海動力系統……8
2.1.1 高屏溪……8
2.1.2 高屏陸棚及斜坡……9
2.1.3 高屏海底峽谷……9
第三章、現場觀測與分析方法……12
3.1、實驗設計理念與規劃……12
3.2、沉積物收集器串列……12
3.3、觀測儀器介紹……13
3.3.1、Nortek聲學式流速計……13
3.3.2、深水型現場雷射粒徑分析儀……13
3.3.3、Sontek聲學式流速計……13
3.3.4、XR-420溫深鹽度儀……14
3.3.5、沉積物收集器……14
3.3.6、微型溫探記錄器……14
3.3.7、深水長距型都卜勒海流儀……15
3.3.8、釋放儀……15
3-4、T6KP收集器樣本前處理……20
3.5、T7KP收集器樣本前處理……20
3.6、沉積物樣品分析……22
3.7、含水率及密度計算……23
3.8、沉降速度……24
3.9、潮流調和分析……25
3.10、潮種指標計算……26
3.11、ER值計算……27
3.12、均方根的計算……27
3.13、傅立葉分析……28
3.14、希爾伯特-黃轉換……29
3.15、率定曲線方法……30
3.15、交互關聯分析……31
3.16、多變數分析……32
3.17、沉積物收集器時間域之建立……33
3.17.1、T6KP時間域建立……33
第四章、觀測與資料分析結果……36
4.1、冬季觀測資料分析結果……38
4.1.2、氣象及水文資料……38
4.1.3、T6KP及LADCP串列觀測資料……41
4.1.4、T6KP沉積物分析結果……58
4.1.5、 T6KP收集器時間域……60
4.1.6、傅立葉分析結果……63
4.1.7、EOF分析結果……67
4.2、夏季觀測資料分析結果……72
4.2.1、氣象及水文資料……72
4.2.2、T7KP及LADCP串列觀測資料……76
4.2.3、T7KP上層收集器分析結果……94
4.2.4、上層收集器EOF分析結果……97
4.2.5、T7KP串列下層收集器沉積物分析結果……101
4.2.6、HHT分析結果……104
4.2.7、EOF分析結果……111
第五章、討論……116
5-1、峽谷動力環境……116
5-2、冬季:潮汐作用與沉降顆粒動力及地球化學變化關係……118
5-3、夏季:非潮汐作用與沉降顆粒動力及地球化學變化關係……122
第六章、結論……127
第七章、參考文獻……129

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